Sunday, April 22, 2012
Wednesday, April 11, 2012
Friday, April 6, 2012
Basa Dalam Kehidupan Sehari-Hari.
Orang sakit maag atau kelebihan asam lambung biasanya diobati dengan obat maag atau antacid. Antacid mengandung senyawa basa sehingga dapat mengurangi kelebihan asam lambung.
Beberapa basa dapat dilihat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
Seperti gambar berikut:
Contoh beberapa senyawa basa terdapat dalam produk tertera pada tabel berikut:
Semoga Bermanfaat.
Salam Blogger:
Asam Dalam Kehidupan Sehari-Hari
Asam dan Basa banyak kita kenal dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, asam askorbat dikenal dengan nama Vitamin C.
Berikut ini beberapa contoh asam di sekitar kita:
Asam Sulfat diproduksi secara besar-besaran di pabrik karena banyak digunakansebagai bahan dasar pembuatan produk sehari-hari. seperti yang tertera di gambar berikut:
Gambar. Kegunaan dari Asam Sulfat (H2SO4)
Salam Blogger
KIMIA SMK ASYIK
Sunday, April 1, 2012
GOLONGAN 18
Helium
- filling balloons (blimps) as it
is a much safer gas than hydrogen
- widely used as an inert gas
shield for arc welding in countries where helium is cheaper than argon
- protective gas in growing
silicon and germanium crystals, and in titanium and zirconium production
- cooling medium for nuclear
reactors
- a mixture of 80% helium and 20%
oxygen is used as an artificial atmosphere for divers and others working
under pressure
- cryogenic applications
- as a gas for supersonic wind
tunnels
- a protective gas for
semiconductor materials
- pressurizing liquid fuel
rockets
Neon
- used in making neon advertising
signs, which accounts for its largest use
- used to make high-voltage
indicators, lightning arrestors, wave meter tubes, and TV tubes
- neon and helium are used in
making gas lasers
- liquid neon is an economical
cryogenic refrigerant. It has over 40 times more refrigerating capacity
per unit volume than liquid helium and more than three times that of
liquid hydrogen. It is compact, inert, and less expensive than helium when
it meets refrigeration requirements
Argon
- used in electric light bulbs
and in fluorescent tubes at a pressure of about 3 mm, photo tubes, glow
tubes, etc.
- used as an inert gas shield for
arc welding and cutting
- blanket for the production of
titanium and other reactive elements
- protective atmosphere for
growing silicon and germanium crystals ,lasers, light bulbs electric light
bulbs and fluorescent tubes, photo tubes, glow tubes, welding, cutting, as
a protective gas for other substances,
Krypton
- used with argon as a
low-pressure filling gas for fluorescent lights
- used in some photographic flash
lamps for high-speed photography, lamps, UV-laser spectral line used for international
measurement of a metre
Xenon
- used in making electron tubes,
stroboscopic lamps, bactericidal lamps, and lamps used to excite ruby
lasers for generating coherent light
- used in the atomic energy field
in bubble chambers, probes, and other applications where its high
molecular weight is of value
- potentially useful as a gas for
ion engines
- the perxenates are used in
analytical chemistry as oxidizing agents
Radon
- occasional therapeutic use
- earthquake prediction
- radiation therapy in hospitals
Ununoctium
- Element 118 has no uses as only a very few atoms of this element have been identified.
GOLONGAN 17
Fluorine
- fluorine and its compounds are
used in producing isotopically fractionated uranium (from UF6)
- commercial fluorochemicals,
including many well known high-temperature plastics
- hydrofluoric acid is
extensively used for etching the glass of light bulbs, etc.
- fluorochloro hydrocarbons are used extensively in air conditioning and refrigeration
Chlorine
- production of safe drinking
water the world over. Even the smallest water supplies are now usually
chlorinated
- extensively used in the
production of paper products, dye stuffs, textiles, petroleum products,
medicines, antiseptics, insecticides, foodstuffs, solvents, paints,
plastics, and many other consumer products
- most chlorine is used in the
manufacture of chlorinated cleaning compounds, pulp bleaching,
disinfectants, and textile processing
- manufacture of chlorates,
chloroform, carbon tetrachloride
- used for the extraction of
bromine
- PVC pipe used to provide safe
drinking water
Bromine
- Much bromine output is used in
the production of 1,2-dibromoethane (ethylene dibromide), a lead scavenger
used in making petrol antiknock compounds. Lead in petrol, however, is
presently being phased out in many countries. This will clearly affect
future production of bromine
- fumigants
- flameproofing agents
- water purification compounds
- dyes
- medicines
- inorganic bromides (AgBr) used
for photography
- pesticides
- water purification
- used to make plastics flame
retardant
Iodine
- iodide, and thyroxin which
contains iodine, are used internally in medicine. A solution of KI and
iodine in alcohol is used as a disinfectant for external wounds.
- silver iodide is used in
photography
- nutrient
- added to table salt for nutrition
{stops goitres, (Derbyshire neck)}
- deep blue colour in a starch
solution is a sign of the free element
Astatine
- none
Ununseptium.
GOLONGAN 16
Oxygen
- oxy-acetylene welding
- frequently used to aid
respiration of patients in hospitals
- used in making methanol and
ethene oxide
- rocket fuel oxidant
- steel manufacture
- ozone (O3) in the
atmosphere is protection against the sun's ultraviolet rays
- breathing
Sulfur
Most of the sulphur
produced is used to produce sulphuric acid, H2SO4, the
most important manufactured chemical in the world. Sulphuric acid has many uses,
including for the synthesis of fertilisers and polyamides. It is used in
batteries ("battery acid").
Sulphur is a component of black
gunpowder (a mixture of potassium nitrate, KNO3, carbon, and
sulhur). It is used in the vulcanisation of natural rubber, as a fungicide, and
as a fumigant.
Sulphur compounds are used in the
bleaching of dried fruits and for paper products.
Selenium
- Selenium exhibits both
photovoltaic action, where light is converted directly into electricity,
and photoconductive action, where the electrical resistance decreases with
increased illumination. These properties make selenium useful in the
production of photocells and exposure meters for photographic use, as well
as solar cells.
- Selenium is also able to convert
a.c. electricity to d.c., and is extensively used in rectifiers
- the solid is a p-type
semiconductor and is useful in electronic and solid-state applications
- used in photocopying for
reproducing and copying documents, letters, etc.
- used by the glass industry to
decolourise glass and to make ruby coloured glasses and enamels
- photographic toner
- additive for stainless steel
Tellurium
- semiconductors
- alloying with cast iron, copper
and stainless steel
- addition to lead to prevent
corrosion
- ceramics
- tinting glass
Polonium
- mixed or alloyed with beryllium
to provide a source of neutrons
- used for eliminating static
charges in textile mills (β-sources are more common and less dangerous)
- used on brushes for removing
dust from photographic films
- thermoelectric power in space
satellites
- source of neutrons
Ununhexium
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