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Sunday, April 1, 2012

GOLONGAN 17


Fluorine
  • fluorine and its compounds are used in producing isotopically fractionated uranium (from UF6)
  • commercial fluorochemicals, including many well known high-temperature plastics
  • hydrofluoric acid is extensively used for etching the glass of light bulbs, etc.
  • fluorochloro hydrocarbons are used extensively in air conditioning and refrigeration
  • in small amounts, fluorides in water sources prevent tooth decay. A constituent of toothpaste for the same reason. Soluble fluoride in drinking water (2 ppm) may cause mottled enamel in teeth of children acquiring permanent teeth.

Chlorine
  • production of safe drinking water the world over. Even the smallest water supplies are now usually chlorinated
  • extensively used in the production of paper products, dye stuffs, textiles, petroleum products, medicines, antiseptics, insecticides, foodstuffs, solvents, paints, plastics, and many other consumer products
  • most chlorine is used in the manufacture of chlorinated cleaning compounds, pulp bleaching, disinfectants, and textile processing
  • manufacture of chlorates, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride
  • used for the extraction of bromine
  • PVC pipe used to provide safe drinking water

Bromine
  • Much bromine output is used in the production of 1,2-dibromoethane (ethylene dibromide), a lead scavenger used in making petrol antiknock compounds. Lead in petrol, however, is presently being phased out in many countries. This will clearly affect future production of bromine
  • fumigants
  • flameproofing agents
  • water purification compounds
  • dyes
  • medicines
  • inorganic bromides (AgBr) used for photography
  • pesticides
  • water purification
  • used to make plastics flame retardant

Iodine
  • iodide, and thyroxin which contains iodine, are used internally in medicine. A solution of KI and iodine in alcohol is used as a disinfectant for external wounds.
  • silver iodide is used in photography
  • nutrient
  • added to table salt for nutrition {stops goitres, (Derbyshire neck)}
  • deep blue colour in a starch solution is a sign of the free element

Astatine
  • none

Ununseptium.



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